Glossary and Terms of the Foundry Industry

SFSA: Glossary of Terms - G

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Gage Length: The original length of that portion of the specimen over which strain or change of length is determined.
Gage Marks: Reference marks; in tensile testing, the marks which indicate the gage length, used in determination of tensile elongation.
Gaggers: Metal pieces of irregular shape used to reinforce and support the sand in the mold.
Gaging: Checking dimensional requirement by means of a gage.
Gamma Iron: A face-centered cubic form of pure iron, stable from 1670 to 2551°F (910 to 1400°C).
Gannister: An acid (silicious) refractory often used in furnace linings.
Gate: The end of a runner in a mold where molten metal enters the mold cavity.
Gating System: The complete assembly of sprues, runners and gates in a mold through which steel flows before entering the casting cavity.
Gouging Abrasion: Abrasion involving gross surface indentation and possible removal of sizable metal fragments.
Grain Fineness Number: A system developed by AFS for rapidly expressing the average grain size of a given sand. It approximates the number of meshes per inch of that sieve that would just pass the sample if its grains of uniform size. It is approximately proportional to the surface area per unit of weight of sand, exclusive of clay.
Granular Fracture (Crystalline Fracture): A type of irregular surface produced when metal is broken.
Green Sand: A naturally bonded sand or a compounded molding sand mixture which has been tempered with water for use while still in the damp or wet condition.
Green Sand Core: A sand core used in the unbaked condition, also a core made from green sand and used as rammed.
Green Strength: The strength of a tempered sand mixture at room temperature.

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